Lesson 16: Pronunciation

01

Pronunciation

  • Listen and repeat:

Optional Consonant-Loss

Pronunciation exercise number 1

  • naj
  • ʾu najil
  • ʾu na(j)il
  • wàaj
  • ʾu wàajil
  • ʾu wàa(j)il
  • nej
  • ʾu nejil
  • ʾu ne(j)il
  • kéej
  • ʾu kéejil
  • ʾu kée(j)il
  • josej
  • josejeʾ
  • jose(j)eʾ
  • ʾálbertoj
  • ʾálbertoj u kʾàabaʾ
  • ʾálberto(j) u kʾàabaʾ
  • mèesaj
  • mèesajeʾ
  • mèesa(j)eʾ
02

Pronunciation

  • Note, however, the following examples:

Optional Consonant-Loss

Pronunciation exercise number 2

  • òoraj
  • ʾòoras
  • kìiloj
  • kìilos
  • ʾanyoj
  • ʾányos
03

Pronunciation

  • Other consonants besides j may optionally be dropped in certain environments. In such cases the potentially present consonant may be included but put in parentheses. Here are some examples:

Optional Consonant-Loss

Pronunciation exercise number 3

  • u tojoltmaj
  • ʾu tojol(t)maj
  • ʾu kʾajóoltmaj
  • ʾu kʾajóol(t)maj
  • ʾimbitàartbil
  • ʾimbitàar(t)bil
  • baʾax leloʾ
  • baʾax (l)eloʾ
  • xíimbaltej
  • xíimba(l)tej
  • tsikbalnajij
  • tsikba(l)najij
  • k u boʾoltik
  • k u boʾo(l)tik
  • k u y ojéeltik
  • k u y ojée(l)tik
  • jaʾalil beyoʾ
  • jaʾali(l) beyoʾ
  • báaxal tʾàan
  • báaxa(l) tʾàan
04

Pronunciation

  • You have already observed frequent instances of the optional loss of a vowel. Note the following examples. The vowels which have been dropped in the #02s may be placed in parentheses.

Optional Consonant-Loss

Pronunciation exercise number 4

  • k u bisiken
  • k u bis(i)ken
  • k u tsʾáik
  • k u tsʾ(á)ik
  • k a tsʾoʾonokoʾob
  • k a tsʾoʾon(o)koʾob
  • ʾúuch kʾojaʾanchajakech
  • ʾúuch kʾojaʾanchaj(a)kech
  • xanaboʾob
  • xam(a)boʾob
  • t u láakaloʾob
  • t u láak(a)loʾob
05

Pronunciation

  • Listen and repeat:

Sequences with Medial and Final ʾ

Pronunciation exercise number 5

  • chiʾ
  • ʾu chiʾ le máakoʾ
  • ʾu chíʾ le máakoʾ
  • leʾ
  • ʾu leʾ le chéʾoʾ
  • ʾu leʾ a chéʾoʾ
  • naʾ
  • ʾu naʾ tsíimin
  • ʾu náʾ in tsìimin
06

Pronunciation

  • Now listen and repeat the following forms containing a medial ʾ:

Sequences with Medial and Final ʾ

Pronunciation exercise number 6

  • luʾsej
  • take it off
  • lúuʾsej
  • fell it
  • lùuʾlen
  • Iʾm fallen
  • paʾteʾ
  • together
  • páaʾtej
  • expect it
  • tùuʾlen
  • Iʾm forgotten